PYQ Bank

What is Josephson tunnelling? Distinguish between a.c. and d.c. Josephson effects.

Predict from the single particle shell model, the shell configuration, ground state spin and parity for the following nuclei : ^7_3\text{Li}, \quad ^{13}_7\text{N}, \quad ^{17}_8\text{O}, \quad ^{27}_{13}\text{Al}

Write the quark composition of the following :

(i) Neutron

(ii) Proton

(iii) \Lambda

(iv) \text{K}^-

(v) \pi^+

Explain parity violation in \beta-decay. Describe how parity violation was experimentally detected in the decay of ^{60}\mathrm{Co}.

Predict from the single particle shell model the shell configuration, ground state spin and parity for the following nuclei: {}^{13}_{7}\mathrm{N};\ {}^{17}_{8}\mathrm{O}

A star converts all its hydrogen into helium, achieving 100\% helium. It then converts the helium into carbon via the reaction ^4_2\text{He} + ^4_2\text{He} + ^4_2\text{He} \xrightarrow{\quad} ^{12}_6\text{C} + 7.27\text{ MeV} The mass of the star is 5.0 \times 10^{32}\text{ kg} and it generates energy at the rate of 5 \times 10^{30}\text{ W}. How long will it take to convert all helium to carbon at this rate ?

What are magic numbers ? Discuss the shell structure of a nucleus. How is this model able to explain various properties of nuclei ? Discuss the limitations of this model.

A star converts all its hydrogen to helium, achieving 100% helium. It then converts the helium to carbon via the reaction {}^{4}_{2}\mathrm{He}+{}^{4}_{2}\mathrm{He}+{}^{4}_{2}\mathrm{He}\rightarrow{}^{12}_{6}\mathrm{C}+7\cdot27\mathrm{MeV} The mass of the star is 5.0\times10^{32}\,\mathrm{kg} and it generates energy at the rate of 5\times10^{30}\,\mathrm{W}. How long will it take to convert all Helium to carbon at this rate?

What are magic numbers? Discuss shell structure of a nucleus. How is this model able to explain various properties of nuclei? Discuss the limitations of this model.

Calculate the packing fraction and the binding energy per nucleon for ^{16}_{8}\mathrm{O} and ^{87}_{38}\mathrm{Sr} nuclei.

Calculate the binding energy per nucleus for ^{87}_{38}\text{Sr}.

Derive the combined vibration--rotation spectrum of a diatomic molecule. What are P and R branches ?

State and explain Franck-Condon principle. Discuss its applications in molecular spectroscopy.

Discuss occurrence of rotational energy levels of a diatomic molecule and show that the pure rotation spectrum of such a molecule consists of a series of equally spaced lines separated by a constant wave number difference 2B. Write down the selection rules.

Is it possible to obtain pure rotational spectra of \mathrm{H}_2, \mathrm{HF}, \mathrm{O}_2 and \mathrm{NO} molecules?

In \mathrm{CO} molecule J = 0 \to J = 1 line occurs at a frequency 1.153 \times 10^{11}\ \mathrm{Hz}. Calculate the moment of inertia of \mathrm{CO} molecule.

What is Raman Effect? How does it differ from Rayleigh scattering? Explain Raman Effect on the basis of quantum mechanical theory. How is Raman Effect experimentally studied? What are the advantages of using laser sources in the study of Raman Effect?

What is Raman effect ? Discuss its application to molecular structure.

Consider a diatomic molecule as a rigid rotator. Obtain its rotational energy levels and hence the rotational spectra.

What is Zeeman effect? How it can be understood on quantum mechanical basis? Obtain an expression for Zeeman splitting of atomic energy levels in a magnetic field B. Explain the magnetic splitting of sodium D-lines.